Streamlined Reconciliation ProcessThe harmonization between bank deposits and generated invoices simplifies reconciliation greatly.
Most importantly for many businesses, they also accurately handle VAT calculations. Automation reduces the hours spent on routine accounting tasks dramatically. The synergy created through such integration enables entrepreneurs to maintain accurate records effortlessly while dedicating more resources towards expanding their business footprint.23 . Enhanced Business InsightsThe integration also provides enhanced visibility into business performance metrics such as cash flows, profitability analysis per item sold on eBay, seasonal trends analyses and more detailed insights which help in making informed business decisions swiftly. Detailed Breakdown of SettlementsOne of the standout features of Link My Books is its ability to provide detailed breakdowns of each payout.
With automated tools like Link My Books, sellers are assured that their entries are mirrored accurately in Xero corresponding to each payout from eBay.
Time SavingsThe automation provided by integrating eBay with Xero frees up significant amounts of time for sellers. Detailed Breakdown of SettlementsOne of the standout features of using Xero for eBay sellers is the detailed breakdown of settlements. This integration ensures that each payout is accurately recorded in Xero, complete with a breakdown of sales, refunds, fees, VAT, and more. In Link My Books, set up how you want each element of your eBay payouts - including sales, refunds, fees, and VAT - to be categorized in Xero. The automation provided by integrating eBay with Xero ensures that every entry is recorded precisely as per actual transactions conducted on eBay. Link My Books guarantees that your bookkeeping within Xero remains precise and reliable. Detailed Breakdown of SettlementsTo ensure clarity in your financial records, it's crucial that every settlement is broken down into its constituent parts. Each transaction, whether it's a sale, a refund, or associated fees and VAT, is itemized clearly. Time Management in Accounting TasksFor many eCommerce businessmen, time spent on accounting tasks could be better utilized in business growth activities like marketing or product development. This breakdown is crucial for maintaining accurate and comprehensive bookkeeping records.
Time Efficiency in Accounting TasksFor ecommerce entrepreneurs, time saved on accounting is time gained for business development tasks. Also keep an eye on updates from both eBay and Link My Books or similar services which may affect how transactions are processed and reported. The process includes a detailed breakdown of sales, refunds, fees, VAT, and more. Accurate tracking increases visibility over taxable transactions ensuring compliance while potentially identifying areas where tax reductions are applicable. Since automated summaries match bank deposits perfectly, reconciling accounts becomes a straightforward task often completed with just a single click. Customizing Accounting EntriesCustomization options within this setup allow users to tailor how entries are recorded in Xero. Consequently, not only does this integration save time during monthly accounting routines but it may also positively impact your fiscal responsibilities. This not only speeds up the accounting process but potentially reduces VAT bills through precise calculation and record-keeping, thereby saving money in longer terms. Detailed BreakdownsOnce integrated, every payout from eBay is meticulously broken down within Xero.
Accurate and timely financial reports help in better inventory management, forecasting future trends based on past sales data, managing cash flows effectively during different seasons or promotional periods on platforms like eBay.
This software facilitates the smooth transfer of financial data from eBay Managed Payments to Xero, ensuring accuracy and simplifying the reconciliation process. Automating mundane tasks allows sellers to allocate more resources towards innovation and strategic planning. These documents capture all crucial financial activities including sales, refunds, and fees. eBay Profit Margin Analysis With each payment processed on eBay, relevant transaction details such as sales, refunds, fees, and VAT are accurately captured and reflected in Xero.
Enhancing Financial Visibility with Integrated e-Commerce PlatformsStreamlining eBay Managed PaymentsThe integration of e-commerce platforms like eBay with accounting software such as Xero has transformed the way businesses handle their financial operations. Steps to Connect Your eBay Store with Xero EffectivelyInitial Setup and IntegrationTo begin integrating your eBay store with Xero, start by selecting an accounting automation tool such as Link My Books.
This ensures that all financial data relevant to VAT is accounted for without manual intervention. Once you receive a payout from eBay Managed Payments, these tools automatically generate detailed summary invoices. Operational Efficiency and Cost ReductionAutomating eBay accounting tasks liberates valuable time for eCommerce business owners-time that can be redirected towards activities that drive growth such as market research, customer engagement, and product development.
From Transactions to Reports: A Seamless Flow in eCommerce AccountingAutomating the Integration ProcessThe integration of eBay and Xero simplifies eCommerce accounting by automating the transfer of transaction data directly from eBay Managed Payments to Xero. Ultimately, this setup supports maintaining an agile eCommerce operation equipped with detailed financial oversight for sustained success.
Exploring the Features of Link My Books for eBay SellersAutomated Sync of eBay Managed PaymentsLink My Books excels in streamlining the accounting process for eBay sellers by automating the synchronization of eBay Managed Payments payout data with Xero. Setting Up IntegrationOnce you've chosen Xero for your accounting needs, the next step is integrating it with your eBay account.
Accurate, real-time financial data allows for better decision-making and potential reductions in costs such as VAT liabilities due to precise record-keeping. Investigate these variances promptly to maintain precise financial records. Instead of manually entering data, entrepreneurs can focus on strategic activities like market expansion and product development. For any serious eBay seller looking to optimize their operations while ensuring meticulous financial oversight, leveraging these automation tools is crucial. The Ultimate Guide to eBay and Xero IntegrationUnderstanding eBay and Xero IntegrationeBay sellers looking to streamline their accounting processes will find significant benefits in integrating their accounts with Xero. How To Ensure Error-Free Bookkeeping When Selling on eBayAutomated Integration with XeroFor eBay sellers, ensuring error-free bookkeeping starts with the seamless integration of eBay Managed Payments into Xero. By integrating eBay with Xero, every payout from eBay Managed Payments can be automatically synced as a detailed summary invoice in Xero. Simplified Reconciliation ProcessOne major headache for eBay sellers is reconciling bank statements with bookkeeping records-a task known to be both time-consuming and prone to errors if done manually. Automation of Financial ProcessesThe integration tools available today, such as Link My Books for eBay and Xero integration, offer automation solutions that can handle complex financial data effortlessly. Automating the data entry process through tools designed for eBay transactions into Xero minimizes these risks by ensuring that every entry matches the corresponding bank deposit exactly.
Gaining Competitive AdvantageWith operational efficiency improved through effective integration between eBay and Xero, businesses can allocate more resources towards gaining a competitive advantage over rivals. Time SavingsThe traditional approach to ecommerce accounting can be exceedingly time-consuming, often requiring meticulous attention to detail over numerous accounting periods. This precise matching enables one-click reconciliation within Xero, thus streamlining one of the most critical aspects of accounting. Future automation solutions will need not only to ensure enhanced security measures but also stay abreast of changing tax laws and regulations across different regions. With eBay to Xero integration tools like Link My Books, each settlement from eBay is dissected into detailed components including sales revenue, refunds issued, fees charged by eBay, and applicable VAT amounts. For eBay sellers using managed payments, tools like Link My Books automatically sync payout data with Xero. Strategic AdvantagesWith less time devoted to managing accounts and more towards operational and strategic management, sellers gain a competitive edge. In effect this means that connecting your eBay store with Xero through an automation tool like Link My Books not only simplifies bookkeeping but also enhances financial accuracy across platforms. This comprehensive breakdown makes it easier for sellers to understand where their money is going and how their business is performing financially without having to dig through piles of receipts or multiple financial statements.
This immediate insight into cash flow and financial health empowers owners to make informed decisions promptly. With reliable automation tools handling day-to-day bookkeeping tasks proficiently, ecommerce business owners can focus more on scaling their ventures. This one-to-one match facilitates easy reconciliation within Xero at just a click, saving substantial time each month that would otherwise be spent cross-checking each entry manually. It's not just about making accounting less tedious; it's about creating a foundation for stronger financial practices that pave the way for growth and stability within the marketplace. The direct synchronization between eBay Managed Payments and Xero simplifies the reconciliation process significantly. Automatic accounting processes not only facilitate smoother operational flows but potentially lower VAT bills through precise tracking and reporting-all contributing towards fostering a robust foundation for sustained business success. As these systems evolve, they will likely incorporate advanced analytics to help business owners understand market trends, customer behavior patterns, and operational efficiencies. This meticulous accuracy helps in simplifying the reconciliation process by matching every deposit received into the bank account with its respective entry in the books. Then, authorize Link My Books to access your eBay and Xero accounts by following the authentication procedures provided on their platform.
Each time a payout is processed by eBay Managed Payments, Link My Books extracts detailed summaries of all transactions involved in that payout. Each time a deposit hits your bank account linked to Xero, it should match a corresponding invoice generated for that payout period. With detailed insights into every transaction and reduced fiscal discrepancies, businesses can allocate resources more wisely while maintaining compliance with tax regulations easily-factors crucial for sustainable growth and success in today's competitive marketplace. Each summary invoice created after receiving a payout from eBay Managed Payments matches exactly with the deposit received into the bank account. Xero Setup for eBay Integration This could mean predictive analysis features that can forecast sales trends or identify potential financial discrepancies before they become problematic. Accurate BookkeepingAccuracy in bookkeeping is paramount for any business. These invoices break down all transactions including sales and refunds along with associated fees and VAT which are crucial for maintaining precise financial records.
Vat or VAT may refer to:
Xero may refer to:
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Accounting, also known as accountancy, is the process of recording and processing information about economic entities, such as businesses and corporations.[1][2] Accounting measures the results of an organization's economic activities and conveys this information to a variety of stakeholders, including investors, creditors, management, and regulators.[3] Practitioners of accounting are known as accountants. The terms "accounting" and "financial reporting" are often used interchangeably.[4]
Accounting can be divided into several fields including financial accounting, management accounting, tax accounting and cost accounting.[5] Financial accounting focuses on the reporting of an organization's financial information, including the preparation of financial statements, to the external users of the information, such as investors, regulators and suppliers.[6] Management accounting focuses on the measurement, analysis and reporting of information for internal use by management to enhance business operations.[1][6] The recording of financial transactions, so that summaries of the financials may be presented in financial reports, is known as bookkeeping, of which double-entry bookkeeping is the most common system.[7] Accounting information systems are designed to support accounting functions and related activities.
Accounting has existed in various forms and levels of sophistication throughout human history. The double-entry accounting system in use today was developed in medieval Europe, particularly in Venice, and is usually attributed to the Italian mathematician and Franciscan friar Luca Pacioli.[8] Today, accounting is facilitated by accounting organizations such as standard-setters, accounting firms and professional bodies. Financial statements are usually audited by accounting firms,[9] and are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP).[6] GAAP is set by various standard-setting organizations such as the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) in the United States[1] and the Financial Reporting Council in the United Kingdom. As of 2012, "all major economies" have plans to converge towards or adopt the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).[10][11]
Accounting is thousands of years old and can be traced to ancient civilizations.[12][13][14] One early development of accounting dates back to ancient Mesopotamia and is closely related to developments in writing, counting and money;[12] there is also evidence of early forms of bookkeeping in ancient Iran,[15][16] and early auditing systems by the ancient Egyptians and Babylonians.[13] By the time of Emperor Augustus, the Roman government had access to detailed financial information.[17]
Many concepts related to today's accounting seem to be initiated in medieval's Middle East. For example, Jewish communities used double-entry bookkeeping in the early-medieval period[18][19] and Muslim societies, at least since the 10th century also used many modern accounting concepts.[20]
The spread of the use of Arabic numerals, instead of the Roman numbers historically used in Europe, increased efficiency of accounting procedures among Mediterranean merchants,[21] who further refined accounting in medieval Europe.[22] With the development of joint-stock companies, accounting split into financial accounting and management accounting.
The first published work on a double-entry bookkeeping system was the Summa de arithmetica, published in Italy in 1494 by Luca Pacioli (the "Father of Accounting").[23][24] Accounting began to transition into an organized profession in the nineteenth century,[25][26] with local professional bodies in England merging to form the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales in 1880.[27]
Both the words "accounting" and "accountancy" were in use in Great Britain by the mid-1800s and are derived from the words accompting and accountantship used in the 18th century.[28] In Middle English (used roughly between the 12th and the late 15th century), the verb "to account" had the form accounten, which was derived from the Old French word aconter,[29] which is in turn related to the Vulgar Latin word computare, meaning "to reckon". The base of computare is putare, which "variously meant to prune, to purify, to correct an account, hence, to count or calculate, as well as to think".[29]
The word "accountant" is derived from the French word compter, which is also derived from the Italian and Latin word computare. The word was formerly written in English as "accomptant", but in process of time the word, which was always pronounced by dropping the "p", became gradually changed both in pronunciation and in orthography to its present form.[30]
Accounting has variously been defined as the keeping or preparation of the financial records of transactions of the firm, the analysis, verification and reporting of such records and "the principles and procedures of accounting"; it also refers to the job of being an accountant.[31][32][33]
Accountancy refers to the occupation or profession of an accountant,[34][35][36] particularly in British English.[31][32]
Accounting has several subfields or subject areas, including financial accounting, management accounting, auditing, taxation and accounting information systems.[5]
Financial accounting focuses on the reporting of an organization's financial information to external users of the information, such as investors, potential investors and creditors. It calculates and records business transactions and prepares financial statements for the external users in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP).[6] GAAP, in turn, arises from the wide agreement between accounting theory and practice, and changes over time to meet the needs of decision-makers.[1]
Financial accounting produces past-oriented reports—for example financial statements are often published six to ten months after the end of the accounting period—on an annual or quarterly basis, generally about the organization as a whole.[6]
Management accounting focuses on the measurement, analysis and reporting of information that can help managers in making decisions to fulfill the goals of an organization. In management accounting, internal measures and reports are based on cost–benefit analysis, and are not required to follow the generally accepted accounting principle (GAAP).[6] In 2014 CIMA created the Global Management Accounting Principles (GMAPs). The result of research from across 20 countries in five continents, the principles aim to guide best practice in the discipline.[37]
Management accounting produces past-oriented reports with time spans that vary widely, but it also encompasses future-oriented reports such as budgets. Management accounting reports often include financial and non financial information, and may, for example, focus on specific products and departments.[6]
Intercompany accounting focuses on the measurement, analysis and reporting of information between separate entities that are related, such as a parent company and its subsidiary companies. Intercompany accounting concerns record keeping of transactions between companies that have common ownership such as a parent company and a partially or wholly owned subsidiary. Intercompany transactions are also recorded in accounting when business is transacted between companies with a common parent company (subsidiaries).[38][39]
Auditing is the verification of assertions made by others regarding a payoff,[40] and in the context of accounting it is the "unbiased examination and evaluation of the financial statements of an organization".[41] Audit is a professional service that is systematic and conventional.[42]
An audit of financial statements aims to express or disclaim an independent opinion on the financial statements. The auditor expresses an independent opinion on the fairness with which the financial statements presents the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows of an entity, in accordance with the generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and "in all material respects". An auditor is also required to identify circumstances in which the generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) have not been consistently observed.[43]
An accounting information system is a part of an organization's information system used for processing accounting data.[44] Many corporations use artificial intelligence-based information systems. The banking and finance industry uses AI in fraud detection. The retail industry uses AI for customer services. AI is also used in the cybersecurity industry. It involves computer hardware and software systems using statistics and modeling.[45]
Many accounting practices have been simplified with the help of accounting computer-based software. An enterprise resource planning (ERP) system is commonly used for a large organisation and it provides a comprehensive, centralized, integrated source of information that companies can use to manage all major business processes, from purchasing to manufacturing to human resources. These systems can be cloud based and available on demand via application or browser, or available as software installed on specific computers or local servers, often referred to as on-premise.
Tax accounting in the United States concentrates on the preparation, analysis and presentation of tax payments and tax returns. The U.S. tax system requires the use of specialised accounting principles for tax purposes which can differ from the generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for financial reporting.[46] U.S. tax law covers four basic forms of business ownership: sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation, and limited liability company. Corporate and personal income are taxed at different rates, both varying according to income levels and including varying marginal rates (taxed on each additional dollar of income) and average rates (set as a percentage of overall income).[46]
This section does not cite any sources.(June 2023) |
Forensic accounting is a specialty practice area of accounting that describes engagements that result from actual or anticipated disputes or litigation.[47] "Forensic" means "suitable for use in a court of law", and it is to that standard and potential outcome that forensic accountants generally have to work.
Political campaign accounting deals with the development and implementation of financial systems and the accounting of financial transactions in compliance with laws governing political campaign operations. This branch of accounting was first formally introduced in the March 1976 issue of The Journal of Accountancy.[48]
Professional accounting bodies include the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) and the other 179 members of the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC),[49] including Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland (ICAS), Institute of Chartered Accountants of Pakistan (ICAP), CPA Australia, Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA) and Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (ICAEW). Some countries have a single professional accounting body and, in some other countries, professional bodies for subfields of the accounting professions also exist, for example the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA) in the UK and Institute of management accountants in the United States.[50] Many of these professional bodies offer education and training including qualification and administration for various accounting designations, such as certified public accountant (AICPA) and chartered accountant.[51][52]
Depending on its size, a company may be legally required to have their financial statements audited by a qualified auditor, and audits are usually carried out by accounting firms.[9]
Accounting firms grew in the United States and Europe in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, and through several mergers there were large international accounting firms by the mid-twentieth century. Further large mergers in the late twentieth century led to the dominance of the auditing market by the "Big Five" accounting firms: Arthur Andersen, Deloitte, Ernst & Young, KPMG and PricewaterhouseCoopers.[53] The demise of Arthur Andersen following the Enron scandal reduced the Big Five to the Big Four.[54]
Generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) are accounting standards issued by national regulatory bodies. In addition, the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) issues the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) implemented by 147 countries.[1] Standards for international audit and assurance, ethics, education, and public sector accounting are all set by independent standard settings boards supported by IFAC. The International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board sets international standards for auditing, assurance, and quality control; the International Ethics Standards Board for Accountants (IESBA) [55] sets the internationally appropriate principles-based Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants; the International Accounting Education Standards Board (IAESB) sets professional accounting education standards;[56] and International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board (IPSASB) sets accrual-based international public sector accounting standards.[57][4]
Organizations in individual countries may issue accounting standards unique to the countries. For example, in Australia, the Australian Accounting Standards Board manages the issuance of the accounting standards in line with IFRS. In the United States the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issues the Statements of Financial Accounting Standards, which form the basis of US GAAP,[1] and in the United Kingdom the Financial Reporting Council (FRC) sets accounting standards.[58] However, as of 2012 "all major economies" have plans to converge towards or adopt the IFRS.[10]
At least a bachelor's degree in accounting or a related field is required for most accountant and auditor job positions, and some employers prefer applicants with a master's degree.[59] A degree in accounting may also be required for, or may be used to fulfill the requirements for, membership to professional accounting bodies. For example, the education during an accounting degree can be used to fulfill the American Institute of CPA's (AICPA) 150 semester hour requirement,[60] and associate membership with the Certified Public Accountants Association of the UK is available after gaining a degree in finance or accounting.[61]
A doctorate is required in order to pursue a career in accounting academia, for example, to work as a university professor in accounting.[62][63] The Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) and the Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) are the most popular degrees. The PhD is the most common degree for those wishing to pursue a career in academia, while DBA programs generally focus on equipping business executives for business or public careers requiring research skills and qualifications.[62]
Professional accounting qualifications include the chartered accountant designations and other qualifications including certificates and diplomas.[64] In Scotland, chartered accountants of ICAS undergo Continuous Professional Development and abide by the ICAS code of ethics.[65] In England and Wales, chartered accountants of the ICAEW undergo annual training, and are bound by the ICAEW's code of ethics and subject to its disciplinary procedures.[66]
In the United States, the requirements for joining the AICPA as a Certified Public Accountant are set by the Board of Accountancy of each state, and members agree to abide by the AICPA's Code of Professional Conduct and Bylaws.
The ACCA is the largest global accountancy body with over 320,000 members, and the organisation provides an 'IFRS stream' and a 'UK stream'. Students must pass a total of 14 exams, which are arranged across three levels.[67]
Accounting research is research in the effects of economic events on the process of accounting, the effects of reported information on economic events, and the roles of accounting in organizations and society.[68][69] It encompasses a broad range of research areas including financial accounting, management accounting, auditing and taxation.[70]
Accounting research is carried out both by academic researchers and practicing accountants. Methodologies in academic accounting research include archival research, which examines "objective data collected from repositories"; experimental research, which examines data "the researcher gathered by administering treatments to subjects"; analytical research, which is "based on the act of formally modeling theories or substantiating ideas in mathematical terms"; interpretive research, which emphasizes the role of language, interpretation and understanding in accounting practice, "highlighting the symbolic structures and taken-for-granted themes which pattern the world in distinct ways"; critical research, which emphasizes the role of power and conflict in accounting practice; case studies; computer simulation; and field research.[71][72]
Empirical studies document that leading accounting journals publish in total fewer research articles than comparable journals in economics and other business disciplines,[73] and consequently, accounting scholars[74] are relatively less successful in academic publishing than their business school peers.[75] Due to different publication rates between accounting and other business disciplines, a recent study based on academic author rankings concludes that the competitive value of a single publication in a top-ranked journal is highest in accounting and lowest in marketing.[76]
The year 2001 witnessed a series of financial information frauds involving Enron, auditing firm Arthur Andersen, the telecommunications company WorldCom, Qwest and Sunbeam, among other well-known corporations. These problems highlighted the need to review the effectiveness of accounting standards, auditing regulations and corporate governance principles. In some cases, management manipulated the figures shown in financial reports to indicate a better economic performance. In others, tax and regulatory incentives encouraged over-leveraging of companies and decisions to bear extraordinary and unjustified risk.[77]
The Enron scandal deeply influenced the development of new regulations to improve the reliability of financial reporting, and increased public awareness about the importance of having accounting standards that show the financial reality of companies and the objectivity and independence of auditing firms.[77]
In addition to being the largest bankruptcy reorganization in American history, the Enron scandal undoubtedly is the biggest audit failure[78] causing the dissolution of Arthur Andersen, which at the time was one of the five largest accounting firms in the world. After a series of revelations involving irregular accounting procedures conducted throughout the 1990s, Enron filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in December 2001.[79]
One consequence of these events was the passage of the Sarbanes–Oxley Act in the United States in 2002, as a result of the first admissions of fraudulent behavior made by Enron. The act significantly raises criminal penalties for securities fraud, for destroying, altering or fabricating records in federal investigations or any scheme or attempt to defraud shareholders.[80]
Accounting fraud is an intentional misstatement or omission in the accounting records by management or employees which involves the use of deception. It is a criminal act and a breach of civil tort. It may involve collusion with third parties.[81]
An accounting error is an unintentional misstatement or omission in the accounting records, for example misinterpretation of facts, mistakes in processing data, or oversights leading to incorrect estimates.[81] Acts leading to accounting errors are not criminal but may breach civil law, for example, the tort of negligence.
The primary responsibility for the prevention and detection of fraud and errors rests with the entity's management.[81]